Glossary of terms

Useful refrigeration related terms and definitions (click on term to see definitions)

  • Air curtain

    Jet of air, used to reduce infiltration (seal) of cold air (within cabinet) with warmer ambient air (outside of the cabinet) instead of a door. In a vertical multi-deck, the jet travels from top to bottom. In a horizontal cabinet the jet travels horizontally across the top of the cabinet.

  • Air discharge

    Opening for the discharge of the air curtain.

  • Air return

    Opening for the air toto return to the cold heat exchanger.

  • Assisted service refrigerated display cabinet/case

    Serve-over refrigerated display counter cabinet where a person serves the consumer.

  • Automatic defrosting

    Defrosting where no action by the user is necessary to initiate the removal of frost accumulation and to restore normal operation.

  • Automatic Defrosting

    Defrosting where no action by the user is necessary to initiate the removal of frost accumulation and to restore normal operation.

  • Base Deck

    Base of well in which goods are displayed, lowest display surface of a cabinet.

  • BS EN 441

    Test standard used to assess temperature and energy performance of professional cabinets for ECA accreditation.

  • BS EN ISO 23953

    Test standard used to assess and energy performance of commercial retail display cabinets.

  • Cabinet classification

    Standard classification method used in EN23953 to define temperature performance of a cabinet (e.g. M1, M2, H1, H2, L1, L2).

  • Canopy

    Upper panel or overhang on a vertical cabinet.

  • Centralised direct expansion supermarket system

    Central plant in the form of a series of compressors and condensers located in a machinery room or an outside location that feeds refrigerant to display cabinets.

  • Centralized indirect supermarket system (secondary loop)

    Refrigeration for display cabinets provided by a secondary fluid which is pumped between the central plant and the refrigerated display cases.

  • Chest Cabinet

    Horizontal closed cabinet with transparent lid for retail display, may be opaque for catering or domestic storage.

  • Chilled or medium temperature (MT) cabinet

    Cabinet to maintain food at chilled temperature (usually classified according to EN23953:2005 as M1, M2, H1, H2).

  • Climate class

    Test room climate (ambient) classification according to the dry bulb temperature and relative humidity.

  • Closed refrigerated display cabinet

    Refrigerated cabinet where access to the food is gained by opening a door or lid.

  • Combined (vertical/horizontal/multi-deck)

    Cabinet consisting of both vertical and horizontal refrigerated compartments.

  • Commercial refrigeration appliance

    An insulated cabinet, with one or more compartments, intended for display of refrigerated or frozen foodstuffs, but accessible to the end user.

  • Compression-type refrigerating system

    System in which refrigeration is achieved by the vaporisation at low pressure in a heat exchanger (evaporator) of a liquid refrigerant. The vapour is then mechanically compressed to a higher pressure and subsequently cooled and condensed in another heat exchanger (condenser).

  • Condensing unit

    Combination of one or more compressors, condensers, liquid receivers (where applicable) and accessories.

  • Defrosting

    Removal of frost, snow and ice from surfaces (mainly the evaporator) in a refrigerated display cabinet.

  • Direct electrical energy consumption (DEC)

    Energy consumption of electrical components in the cabinet (e.g. lights, fans etc).

  • Discharge air grille (DAG)

    Honeycomb or slot for air discharge to straighten the flow and damp turbulence. 

  • Duty (capacity)

    Heat extracted by the cabinet (in kW).

  • Ecodesign

    The integration of environmental aspects into product design with the aim of improving the environmental performance of the product throughout its whole life cycle.

  • Ecodesign requirement

    Any requirement in relation to a product, or the design of a product, intended to improve its environmental performance, or any requirement for the supply of information with regard to the environmental aspects of a product.

  • Electric defrost

    Use of electric resistive heaters to defrost the cabinet.

  • End wall

    Panel fixed to side of cabinet.

  • Energy Technology List (ETL)

    List of ECA products.

  • Energy-related product

    Any item that has an impact on energy consumption during use which is placed on the market and/or put into service, and includes parts intended to be incorporated into energy-related products covered by EC Directive 2009/125/EC which are placed on the market and/or put into service as individual parts for end-users and of which the environmental performance can be assessed independently.

  • Enhanced Capital Allowance (ECA) scheme

    UK based scheme that identifies most energy efficient cabinets.

  • Environmental impact

    Any change to the environment wholly or partially resulting from a product during its life cycle.

  • Foodstuffs

    Food, ingredients, beverages, including wine, and other items primarily intended for consumption which require refrigeration at specified temperatures.

  • Forced air circulation

    Where the air circulation within a cabinet is produce by means of external force (i.e. fans).

  • Front riser

    Vertical (usually transparent) device for retaining the goods within the display area.

  • Frozen or low temperature (LT) cabinet/case

    Cabinet to maintain food at frozen temperature (usually classified according to EN23953:2015 as L1, L2).

  • Full glass door cabinet (FGD)

    Cabinet with vertical transparent doors over the full height of a cabinet.

  • H1

    All M-packs equal to or greater than 1°C and equal to or less than 10°C.

  • H2

    All ‘m’ packs equal to or greater than -1°C and equal to or less than 10°C.

  • Heat extraction rate

    Energy removed by evaporator per unit time (in kW).

  • Horizontal cabinet (counter)

    Cabinet with horizontal display opening at the top, products accessible from above through open top, may sometimes have a lid. Cabinets usually have horizontal or near horizontal air curtain.

  • Hot gas defrosting

    Use of hot gas from the compressor discharge to defrost the cabinet.

  • Household refrigerating appliance

    An insulated cabinet, with one or more compartments, intended for refrigerating or freezing foodstuffs, or for the storage of refrigerated or frozen foodstuffs for non-professional purposes.

  • Indirect-type refrigerating system

    System where a secondary refrigerant circulating system is used to transfer heat between a central refrigerating system and a refrigerated cabinet.

  • Integral / self contained / plug-in refrigeration system

    A refrigerated cabinet that has the condensing unit built into the cabinet.

  • Island site cabinet

    Cabinet that can be accessed from all sides and can be multiplexed to form a larger island.

  • Kick plate

    Vertical plate or plinth at front of cabinet that covers the gap between the floor and base of the cabinet.

  • L1

    The warmest M-pack should have a maximum temperature equal to or lower than –15°C and a minimum temperature equal to or lower than –18°C.

  • L2

    The warmest M-pack should have a maximum temperature equal to or lower than –12°C and a minimum temperature equal to or lower than –18°C.

  • Life cycle

    The consecutive and interlinked stages of a product life from raw material use to final disposal.

  • Load limit

    Maximum loading area where test packs can be maintained within a defined temperature class. May be marked as load limit line by the manufacturer.

  • M-pack

    500 g test package fitted with a temperature measuring sensor.

  • M-package temperature class

    Classification of M-package according to their temperature.

  • M0

    All M-packs equal to or greater than -1°C and equal to or less than 4°C.

  • M1

    All M-packs equal to or greater than -1°C and equal to or less than 5°C.

  • M2

    All M-packs equal to or greater than -1°C and equal to or less than 7°C.

  • Manual defrosting

    Defrosting where an action by the user is necessary to initiate the removal of frost formation and return to normal operation requires action by the user.

  • MEPS

    Minimum Energy Performance Standards. Maximum energy allowed to be used for products to be sold.

  • Multi-deck cabinet/case

    Vertical cabinet without doors and with multiple shelves.

  • Multi-temperature cabinet

    Cabinet capable of maintaining food in 2 or more compartments operating at different temperatures.

  • Night blind

    Type of night cover. Cover used to cover open area of display cabinet. May be manually or automatically operated.

  • Night cover

    Lid, blind or cover used to cover open area of cabinet during periods when cabinet is not being used by customers.

  • Off-cycle defrost

    Passive defrost, where ice melts naturally during a defined defrost period when the refrigeration system does not operate.

  • Pass-through

    Cabinet with hinged or sliding doors on both the front and rear of the refrigerator or freezer.

  • Professional refrigerating appliance

    An insulated cabinet, with one or more compartments, intended for storage of refrigerated or frozen foodstuffs in commercial kitchens.

  • Refrigerated display cabinet/case

    Cabinet cooled by a refrigerating system which enables chilled and frozen foodstuffs placed within the display area to be maintained within prescribed temperature limits.

  • Refrigeration electrical energy (REC)

    Energy consumption of a conventional refrigeration system necessary to operate the cabinet.

  • Remote condensing unit

    System to refrigerate a remote cabinet.

  • Remote refrigeration cabinet/case

    A cabinet where the refrigerating components are remotely located from the cabinet, usually in a central plant room.

  • Return air grille (RAG)

    Air grille at bottom or front of cabinet for air return to evaporator.

  • Roll-in

    Cabinet that allows racks on wheels to be wheeled into refrigerated storage area.

  • Secondary refrigerant

    Liquid or liquid-solid or gas-liquid fluid used in an indirect type refrigerating system to transfer heat between a primary refrigeration system (usually direct expansion) and the refrigerated cabinet.

  • Self-service refrigerated display cabinet

    Cabinet where customer selects food (usually prepacked).

  • Semi vertical cabinet

    Cabinet with angled profile or inclined display opening with overall height of less than 1.5 m.

  • Semi-automatic defrosting

    Defrosting where an action by the user is necessary to initiate the removal of frost formation but normal operation is restored automatically.

  • Serve-over (deli / service over counter)

    Flat or slightly sloping based cabinet, usually intended for service of delicatessen or raw unpackaged foods, usually with rear opening (sometimes with hinged or sliding doors) and glass front display.

  • Serve-over counter with integrated storage

    Refrigerated display cabinet for assisted service which includes refrigerated storage (usually in base).

  • Shelf

    Surface on which the goods are displayed (excludes base deck).

  • Shelf sham

    Device to limit the loading of a display surface.

  • Static air cabinet

    Cabinet with natural, not forced-air circulation.

  • Superheat (evaporator)

    Temperature difference between refrigerant vapour at suction of evaporator and its saturation temperature.

  • Temperature classification

    Standard classification method used in BS EN ISO 2395:2015 to define temperature performance of a cabinet (e.g. M1, M2, H1, H2, L1, L2).

  • Test package

    Packs used to load cabinet when testing to commercial, professional or domestic test standards.

  • Test room/chamber

    A test facility to allow testing to a particular standard, e.g. EN16825 for professional cabinets and BS EN ISO 23953 for commercial cabinets.

  • Total display area (TDA)

    Total visible area where food is displayed (includes visible area through the glazing), defined by the sum of horizontal and vertical projected surface areas of any transparent material.

  • Total energy consumption (TEC)

    Sum of DEC and REC.

  • Under-counter

    Refrigerated cabinet without a worktop surface, which is intended for installation under a separate counter.

  • Vertical/multi-deck cabinet/case

    Cabinet with open front, either with vertical air curtain or slightly angled air curtain. May be semi-vertical, multi-deck, roll-in or glass door type of cabinet.

  • Wall site cabinet

    Cabinet located with its back to a wall or back to back with another cabinet.

  • Warm gas defrosting

    Use of warm gas from the receiver to defrost the cabinet.




We will not pass this on or use for other purposes unless you provide us with specific permission to do so.